Traveling Through a Network

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In the activities, I explored the network paths taken to reach Google.com, Australia.gov.au, and Japan.go.jp. Packets moving along network routes pass through a set of routers, and, as a sequence, this causes the latency and routing efficiency. 

Ping Activity

The ping results illustrate the effect of different geographic locations on response times. Google.com, being a service operating on a global level, has low latency because of its well-established network infrastructure with response speeds ranging from 10ms to 30ms. Conversely, websites hosted in specific locations, such as Australia and Japan, experience high latency due to the length of physical distance relayed by packets. Australia.gov.au recorded response speeds ranging from 150ms to 200ms, while Japan.go.jp showed response speeds ranging from 120ms to 180ms.  

Traceroute Activity



Traceroute shows the complexity of the network routes. Google.com has a complex path that uses various routers as it has a widespread network. Google's traceroute revealed a route passing through 15 routers, each contributing to varying latency, with hops ranging from 2ms to 50ms. On the other hand, Australia.gov.au and Japan.go.jp have fewer routers and shorter paths, which are characteristic of the efficiency of local networks. Australia.gov.au and Japan.go.jp exhibited shorter traceroute paths, passing through 20 and 12 routers, respectively. In all, the packets reached their destination.  

Roundtrip time relations with the geographical location are evident from the exercise. The farther the destination is, the higher the latency that will be due to more network hops and greater physical distance. This highlights the necessity of ensuring optimal network routing and deploying content delivery networks (CDNs) for the globalization of services to reduce latency.  

Using ping and traceroute commands to troubleshoot internet connection problems

The simple commands ping and traceroute are very useful in locating the place where the connection problem is. Ping is used for the initial assessment of connectivity and latency, whereas traceroute can trace and identify the specific routers responsible for delays or failures. Timeouts or errors in ping or traceroute can result from network congestion, firewall restrictions that block ICMP packets, or the malfunction of routers not responding to requests. 

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